Oiling system for internal-combustion engines



P. W. MURPHY. OILING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPucATloN mw Junin. 191s.

1,332,948., Patented Mar. 9, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

l noa'ntoz P. W. MURPHY.

OILING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLlcAnoN FILED JUNE 24. |918.

1,332,948. Patented Mar. 9,1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

l wom/1to1 the shaft 2.

ITED STATES PATENT oEEro-E. i

PETER W. MURPHY, 0E DETROIT, ivirciireaiv, AssIGNoE To THE MURPHY ENGINEE311my COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION'OF MICHIGAN.

OILINGLSYSTEMFQR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES;

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application 'filed June 24, 1918. Serial No.-241',657.

Combustion Engines, anddeclare the following to bea full, clear, and exact description of the same, suchas Will enable others skilled in the art to which it ypertains to makeanduse the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which Aform a part of this specification.`

This invention relates `to oiling systems for internal combustion engines, its object being to provide an eilicient method of oiling the cylinders of the vengine by a vapor of oil drawn into the cylinder through a breather from an external casing in which the oil vapor is produced. The :several novel features of construction and general objects arehereinafter more fully described and claimed andthe preferred form ofthe invention is shown l in `the accompanying drawings of a specific type of engine iin which- Figure'l is a verticallongitudinal section of an engine showing my improved oiling system.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional View of one end ofthe'engine.

The engine here shown fis of the multiple cylinder'tvpeV having a series of 4cylinders 1 arranged in a circle about a central 'drive shaft 2. the longitudinal axes of thecylinders lying parallel with -the axis of the shaft. There are two sets of cylinders oppositely disposed as shownin Fig. 1, and between the end of the cylinders is mounted a casing 4 in which is a cam =3 fixed to The cylinders are eaclrprovided with `pistons 5 yand the piston rods 6 of oppositelv ydisposed cylinders of the two series are rigidly connected to a slide 7 lhaving rollers 8 engasnngthe cam. The shde `1s mountedin ways in the case4 and the explosion of alcharge at the'head of a cylinder ydrives f the e piston inward and v the opposite piston outward in its cylinder. Ithe rexplosions in the oppositecylinders takinrrplace in alternate relation as 4will be freadilvunfderstood. )In 'the arrangement here yshown the piston fzrods ,move ain a straight linepn the axis of the cylinder. The casing 4-is usually provided with a quantity of `foil in .which the cam member .and :slide members operate. In view of the-ff-act'that, if these cylinders open into the case4, oilwillreadily flow into the-lowermost cylinders and yiood thc'same withoil and due tothe quantity of oilused inthe case .4even the cylinders at the top of the casing, by reason of the splashing of oil in the case I4, will beyprovided with-an excess ,amount of oil, `it is *nece essary to prevent such over-supply. I have therefore provided a baffle plate 9 for each series of cylinders covering the lower open ends thereof as shown, vthe baffleplate being secured in any approved manner as bybeingengaged between-the flange ofthe case 4 and casing for the cylinders. vThese baffles vare each apertured opposite fthe center of each icylinderto 'allow the piston rod 6 to pass therethrough and are provided with abearing 10 apertured to receive the rod andlhaving aliann'ezat one end as-'shown-clearly in Fig. The opposite end is threaded and a -nut ,'11 Iis provided for securing the bearing 4inthe batlie plate. lBy this` arrangement of baiiiesfthe cylinders are closed tothecase 4 and oil is prevented from being splashed thereinto.

ToA oil the said cylinders `I have, in .the construction here shown, Iprovided an f, external case l-encircling the case 4 and extending overthe lowerends ofthecylindercastthe lower end of the piston andthe bailie in 4each instance'may draw in air on the up .stroke of the piston and expel `air on `the down stroke thereof. To efficiently oil these --cylindersl haveprovided nozzles 18, a num-` ber of which may be employed if sodesired,

`through which oil may be 'forced bypres- `:sure-the nozzlesbeinqarranxred t0 ,spray ythe oilfi-n the chamber'l so that theair in passingbackfand forth intoand Aout of the cylinders, becomes saturated with oil and the cylinders thus lubricated. The type of `nozzle iltisimmsteralthe Objectthsreqibeinggto y Patented Mar. 9, v1920.

break the oil up into a fine spray, in which condition it may be carried by the air into the cylinders and an atomizer of any known type that will accomplish this purpose may be utilized.

By this arrangement it is readily seen that by breaking the quantity of oil delivered into the chamber 15 by the spraying de- .vices the cylinders may be provided with the necessary amount of oil and by use of the battle plates the central case 4 may be provided with an excess amount of oil without liability of flooding the cylinders. Oil may be introduced into the case l through the tube 20 indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1.

I have here shown only one type of engine but the invention is applicable to various designs of engine of the internal combustion type in which the cylinders open at the lower end into a casing which is normally provided with oil liable to be splashed into or to flow into the cylinders in excess of the required amount. By closing the cylinders with a baffle of general character here shown and provision of a breather chamber separate from the oil retaining casing the amount of oil delivered to the cylinder may be regulated. In those types of engines in whichv the piston rod is in pivotal relation with the piston the type of bearing 10 here shown in the bafiie plate will necessarily be altered in design to allow movement of the piston rod laterally relative to the axis of the cylinder.

Havingthus briefly described my invention, what I claim is 1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a piston therein provided with a piston rod, a case into which the rod extends for operation of the drive shaft, said case being adapted to be provided with a quantity of oil for supplying the operating parts therein, a baffle closing the cylinder to the case through which the piston rod extends, means for packing the rod to prevent passa ge of oil from the case into the cylinder, a

, chamber closed to the case there being a passageway provided between the chamber and the lower end of the cylinder whereby movement of the piston therein draws air through the chamber, said chamber beingm in the baflie, the cylinders being provided with a breather port at the lower end thereof, a chamber into which the port opens, and means for supplying an oil vapor in the said chamber.

8. In an internal combustion engine, a series of circularly disposed cylinders, a shaft extending centrally therebetween parallel with the longitudinal axis of the cylinders, pistons in the said cylinders provided with piston rods, a casing attached to the lower end of the cylinders, there being a driving connection in the said casing between the piston rods and shaft to cause rotation thereof by reciprocation of the pistons, the cylinders and shaft lying in hori zontal position and the said case being i adapted toreceive a quantity of oil, means for preventing a flow of oil from the case into the cylinders comprising a batiie plate between thel case and cylinder casting closing the lower open end of the cylinders to the case, the said baille plate having an aperture on the axis of each cylinder through which the piston rod extends, a packing member for the rod in the said aperture in the baffle plate, an inclosing casing for the said case and lower end of the cylinders having an openingto atmosphere, the lower end of eachfof the said cylinders having openings leading into the chamber provided by said last named casing, said chamber and aperture through the cylinder walls providing a breather for the cylinders. and a series of spray devices by means of which oil may bey introduced into the chamber in spray form.

4. A means for lubricating cylinders of an internal combustion engine, comprising in combination a cylinder, a casing connected therewith, means for preventing a flow of oil into the cylinder from the connected casing for the shaft, an air chamber open at one point to atmosphere, an aperture in the cylinder wall opening the said cylinder to the casing at the lower end providing a breather for the cylinder,y and means for producing an oil vapor in the said chamber, the said breather providing the sole means of introduction of oil into the cylinder.

open to atmosphere. and means of providingli 5. In a device of the character described,

a supply of oil in the said chamber.

a plurality of cylinders, an oil vaporizing Q In an internal combustion engine, ay chamber surrounding the cvlinders, a port cylinder, a piston therein provided with a' fOr admitting air to said chamber and ports 120 piston rod, a drive shaft, a case into whichl the rod extends for operative connection; ""5

with the drive shaft, the case being adapter,

to be provided with a quantity of oil fora-f` I leadinn' from said chamber to said cvlinders.

lubrication 0f the parts therein, a baf'le clos-m1; i connecting the cylinder to the chamber for ing the cylinder to the casing preventing oil l admitting oil vapor to the cylinder on the ,l advance stroke of the piston.

7. In an engine of the character described, a plurality of cylinders. an oil terial leakage of oil through the rod bearing chamber, an air port in said chamber, noziso zles for spraying oil into said chamber and ports for permitting oil vapor to pass from said chamber into said cylinders.

8. In an engine of the character described, a: plurality of cylinders, an oil vaporizing chamber surrounding the cylinders and means to admit oil vapor from said chamber into said cylinders.

9. In an engine of the character described, a main shaft, sets of opposed cylinders disposed around the shaft, a chamber partly surrounding said cylinders, ports connecting the chamber to the cylinders, means to produce oil vapor in said chamber and pistons movable in said cylinders and adapted to draw oil vapor through the ports into the cylinders.

l0. In an engine of the character described, a main shaft, cylinders disposed around and parallel to the shaft interconnected pistons for the cylinders,an oil vaporizing chamber surrounding the cylinders and means to permit oil vapor to pass from the chamber unto the cylinders upon movement of the pistons in either direction.

11. In an engine of the character described, a main shaft, sets of opposed cylinders disposed around the shaft, a casing ber separate from but adjacent to the cylinder, a port between the chamber'and the cylinder and a piston movable in said cylinder and adapted to draw oil vapor from the'chamber into the cylinder.

14. In a device of the character described, a shaft, sets of opposed cylinders disposed around the shaft, a casing connecting the opposed cylinders, an oil Vaporizing chamber surrounding the casing, ports admitting oil vapor from the chamber into the cylinders and walls for preventing the y passage of oil into the casing. l In testimony whereof I sign this specification.

PETER W. MURPHY. 

